MIM Material Introduction: High Strength Steel
High-strength steel materials generally refer to alloy steels with a yield strength exceeding 1800MPa, although many steels can meet this strength requirement. However, the combination of high strength and ductility at the same time greatly reduces the range of steels that can be used, as the material properties conflict with performance indicators. At the same time, in order to solve environmental problems, the electroplating process can be reduced for mobile phone parts, and the materials themselves have corrosion resistance, so the materials that can be chosen are completely limited.
Maraging steel
The high-strength steel currently used in foldable phones is basically based on Maraging steel, with its composition modified to meet the needs of the phone's hub function. From the time high-strength steel was first used in folding phones to the present, high-strength steel has undergone at least three generations of property improvements, from the first-generation material with a yield strength of 1800MPa and an elongation of >7%, to 2000MPa and an elongation of >5%, and currently has developed into a material with a yield strength of 2200MPa while maintaining an elongation of >5%. After heat treatment, the hardness can be >HRc50.
There are several reasons why we need to continuously improve the strength of materials. The folding requirements of foldable phones and laptop hubs have increased by at least 10 times. Although the weight of foldable phones is not as heavy as that of NBs, they must also pass the safety drop test. However, in order to reduce the weight of the product and reduce the size of all metal parts, the material toughness must be improved. Therefore, mechanical strength and elongation must be improved at the same time.
Maraging steel was first used as a material for the aerospace and military industries, and was further developed in the use of the MIM industry. At present, the most widely used hemp aging steel is cobalt-containing hemp aging steel. Cobalt and cobalt alloy powders, when inhaled into the lungs through the respiratory tract, may also cause pneumonia, asthma, abnormal lung function, and even lung cancer. If it comes into contact with human skin, it may cause allergic contact dermatitis. Moreover, the source of cobalt ore mainly comes from the African continent. There are incidents of child labor exploitation in cobalt mining, and those who are required to use cobalt must provide the source of the cobalt ore. Although cobalt-containing high-strength steel is currently the mainstream material, cobalt-free high-strength steel is also being developed. In the future, its large-scale use will not only meet functional requirements but also take into account hygiene, environmental protection and human rights.
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